مجلة النفط والتعاون العربي
161
العدد
- 2017
أربعون
المجلد الثالث و ال
2016
أوابك العلمية لعام
�
ص لبحوث العلمية الفائزة بجائزة
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عدد خا
14
4
The Dollbergen Process:
1, 24
..........................................................................................................50
Other Processes: ...............................................................................................................................51
Clarifying Industrial Oils: ...................................................................................................................52
Process Selection Criteria: ................................................................................................................52
Chapter 4 - Burning Used Oil for Fuel
..................................................................................................54
Direct Burning of Used Oils:..............................................................................................................54
Processing Used Oil for Fuels:
1, 107
....................................................................................................56
The Propak process:......................................................................................................................56
The Trailblazer Process: ................................................................................................................57
The Zimmark Process: ...................................................................................................................57
The Spring Oil Conversion Process:...............................................................................................58
In the European Union:.....................................................................................................................58
In the United States: .........................................................................................................................60
In the World ......................................................................................................................................61
Chapter 5 - The Economics of Re-refining
...........................................................................................63
The Impact of the Price of Oil: ..........................................................................................................63
Lubricants Supply & Demand:...........................................................................................................65
The Impact of Process Selection: ......................................................................................................68
Fees and Subsidies: ...........................................................................................................................71
Examples of Economic Studies:.........................................................................................................72
Italy: Example of Success ..................................................................................................................74
Collection and Disposal:................................................................................................................75
Re-refining of Used Oils: ...............................................................................................................76
Important Economic Model:.............................................................................................................77
Distillation/Clay Treatment Plant Economics: ..............................................................................78
Distillation/Hydrogenation Plant Economics:...............................................................................79
Notes for Economic Consideration: ..................................................................................................80
Chapter 6 - The Lubricating Oil Industry in the Arab Countries
..........................................................82
The Virgin Base Oils Facilities:...........................................................................................................82
Consumption of lubricants:...............................................................................................................83
Re-refined Oil Facilities: ....................................................................................................................85
Saudi Arabia & the UAE: ...................................................................................................................87
Financial Impact and Final notes: .....................................................................................................88
Chapter 7 - Conclusions and Recommendations
.................................................................................91