38 / 222
البحـث الأول
مجلة النفط والتعاون العربي
161
العدد
- 2017
أربعون
المجلد الثالث و ال
2016
أوابك العلمية لعام
�
ص لبحوث العلمية الفائزة بجائزة
�
عدد خا
31
21
generated in different segments of use in a developed country that may have all
the users in its economic development status.
Table (1)
Used Oil Generated in Different Applications %
Type of Oil
%
Notes
Transformer
95
Comparatively small consumption. Regeneration is
often done in place with special equipment or in
special re-refining plants if the contamination is
severe.
Gear
75
They last longer but in motor’s application the gear
oil is often unnecessarily changed with the engine
oil.
Hydraulic
70 Same as gear oil
Motor
65
Lost oil is high but consumption is highest among
categories and therefore they contribute the highest
volume in overall used oil collection.
Metal Processing
20 A lot is lost in this application.
Process
0
No used oil is generated in this application.
Source: Originally from CONCAWE cited in source 3 and elaborated by
author.
Sources
4, 64
generally agree that sectoral consumption of lubricating oils is on
average composed of 56% automotive, 31% industrial, 10% process oils and 3%
in greases. Therefore, the automotive sector is the largest contributor to the
available used oils followed at a distance by the industrial sector. Because of the
large dose of chemical additives in automotive gasoline and diesel engine oils,
the used oil is therefore considered highly contaminated.
Evaluation of Used Oils:
Generators of used oils are encouraged to segregate them according to their
application so as to make future treatment or use easier. But this is not always
practical especially for the small generator in a garage or in the local collection
centres where individuals take their used lubricants.
Therefore, used oil is usually composed of a combination of oils such as gasoline
and diesel engine oils, transmission fluid, turbine and compressor oils,
metalworking oils, industrial hydraulic oils, electrical insulating oil and synthetic
oil
1
. However, only in a very large industrial place we are likely to find the used